Organic compound Totally Explained

Everything about Organic Compound totally explained

An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered inorganic. The division between "organic" and "inorganic" carbon compounds while "useful in organizing the vast subject of chemistry...is somewhat arbitrary"

Classification

ť See Organic chemistry#Classification of organic substances

Organic compounds may contain atoms of further elements, so-called heteroatoms. Organometallic compounds constitute a further subsection, characterized by covalent bonds between organic carbon and a metal.
There are also a lot of inorganic carbon compounds to distinguish from organic compounds.

Natural compounds

An important subset of organic compounds is still extracted from natural sources because they'd be far too expensive to be produced artificially. Examples include most sugars, some alkaloids and terpenoids, certain nutrients such as vitamin B₁₂, and in general, those natural products with large or stereoisometrically complicated molecules which are present in reasonable concentrations in living organisms.
Further compounds of prime importance in biochemistry are antigens, carbohydrates, enzymes, hormones, lipids and fatty acids, neurotransmitters, nucleic acids, proteins, peptides and amino acids, vitamins and fats and oils.

Synthetic compounds

Many polymers, including all plastics are organic compounds.

Nomenclature

The IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds slightly differs from the CAS nomenclature.

Databases

The CAS database is the most comprehensive repository for data on organic compounds. The search tool SciFinder is offered .

The Beilstein database contains information on 9.8 million substances, covers the scientific literature from 1771 to the present, and is today accessible via CrossFire. Structures and a large diversity of physical and chemical properties is available for each substance, with reference to original literature.

PubChem contains 18.4 million entries on compounds and especially covers the field of medicinal chemistry. There is a great number of more specialized databases for diverse branches of organic chemistry.

Structure determination

ť See Structure determination

Today, the main tools are proton and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

Further Information

Get more info on 'Organic Compound'.

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